<section xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xml:id="sec-release-22.05">
  <title>Release 22.05 (“Quokka”, 2022.05/30)</title>
  <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
    <listitem>
      <para>
        Support is planned until the end of December 2022, handing over
        to 22.11.
      </para>
    </listitem>
  </itemizedlist>
  <section xml:id="sec-release-22.05-highlights">
    <title>Highlights</title>
    <para>
      In addition to numerous new and upgraded packages, this release
      has the following highlights:
    </para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
<literallayout>Nix has been updated from 2.3 to 2.8. This mainly brings experimental support for Flakes, but also marks the <literal>nix</literal> command as experimental which now has to be enabled via the configuration explicitly. For more information and instructions for upgrades, see the relase notes for <link xlink:href="https://nixos.org/manual/nix/stable/release-notes/rl-2.4.html">nix-2.4</link>,
<link xlink:href="https://nixos.org/manual/nix/stable/release-notes/rl-2.5.html">nix-2.5</link>, <link xlink:href="https://nixos.org/manual/nix/stable/release-notes/rl-2.6.html">nix-2.6</link>, <link xlink:href="https://nixos.org/manual/nix/stable/release-notes/rl-2.7.html">nix-2.7</link> and <link xlink:href="https://nixos.org/manual/nix/stable/release-notes/rl-2.8.html">nix-2.8</link></literallayout>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The <literal>firefox</literal> browser on
          <literal>x86_64-linux</literal> now makes use of
          profile-guided optimisation, resulting in a much more
          responsive browsing experience.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          GNOME has been upgraded to 42. Please take a look at their
          <link xlink:href="https://release.gnome.org/42/">Release
          Notes</link> for details. In particular, it replaces gedit
          with GNOME Text Editor, GNOME Terminal with GNOME Console
          (formerly King’s Cross) and GNOME Screenshot by a tool
          integrated into the Shell.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          PHP 8.1 is now available.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          systemd services can now set
          <link linkend="opt-systemd.services">systemd.services.&lt;name&gt;.reloadTriggers</link>
          instead of <literal>reloadIfChanged</literal> for a more
          granular distinction between reloads and restarts.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Systemd has been upgraded to the version 250.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Pulseaudio has been updated to version 15.0 and now optionally
          <link xlink:href="https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/PulseAudio/Notes/15.0/#supportforldacandaptxbluetoothcodecsplussbcxqsbcwithhigher-qualityparameters">supports
          additional Bluetooth audio codecs</link> such as aptX or LDAC,
          with codec switching available in
          <literal>pavucontrol</literal>. This feature is disabled by
          default, but can be enabled with the option
          <literal>hardware.pulseaudio.package = pkgs.pulseaudioFull;</literal>.
          Existing third-party modules that offered similar functions,
          such as <literal>pulseaudio-modules-bt</literal> or
          <literal>pulseaudio-hsphfpd</literal>, are obsolete and have
          been removed.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          PostgreSQL now defaults to major version 14.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Module authors can use
          <literal>mkRenamedOptionModuleWith</literal> to automate the
          deprecation cycle without annoying out-of-tree module authors
          and their users.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The default GHC version has been updated from 8.10.7 to 9.0.2.
          <literal>pkgs.haskellPackages</literal> and
          <literal>pkgs.ghc</literal> will now use this version by
          default.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The GNOME and Plasma installation CDs now use
          <literal>pkgs.calamares</literal> and
          <literal>pkgs.calamares-nixos-extensions</literal> to allow
          users to easily install and set up NixOS with a GUI.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>security.acme.defaults</literal> has been added to
          simplify the configuration of settings for many certificates
          at once. This also opens up the option to use DNS-01
          validation when using <literal>enableACME</literal> web server
          virtual hosts (e.g.
          <literal>services.nginx.virtualHosts.*.enableACME</literal>).
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
  </section>
  <section xml:id="sec-release-22.05-new-services">
    <title>New Services</title>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://1password.com/">1password</link>,
          command-lines and graphic interface for 1Password. Available
          as
          <link linkend="opt-programs._1password.enable">programs._1password</link>
          and
          <link linkend="opt-programs._1password.enable">programs._1password-gui</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://github.com/intel/linux-sgx#install-the-intelr-sgx-psw">aesmd</link>,
          the Intel SGX Architectural Enclave Service Manager. Available
          as
          <link linkend="opt-services.aesmd.enable">services.aesmd</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://github.com/mbrubeck/agate">agate</link>,
          a very simple server for the Gemini hypertext protocol.
          Available as
          <link linkend="opt-services.agate.enable">services.agate</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://docs.docker.com/engine/security/rootless/">rootless
          Docker</link>, a <literal>systemd --user</literal> Docker
          service which runs without root permissions. Available as
          <link xlink:href="options.html#opt-virtualisation.docker.rootless.enable">virtualisation.docker.rootless.enable</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://conduit.rs/">matrix-conduit</link>,
          a simple, fast and reliable chat server powered by matrix.
          Available as
          <link xlink:href="option.html#opt-services.matrix-conduit.enable">services.matrix-conduit</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://github.com/vvilhonen/nethoscope">nethoscope</link>,
          listen to your network traffic. Available as
          <link linkend="opt-programs.nethoscope.enable">programs.nethoscope</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/beats/filebeat/current/filebeat-overview.html">filebeat</link>,
          a lightweight shipper for forwarding and centralizing log
          data. Available as
          <link linkend="opt-services.filebeat.enable">services.filebeat</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://github.com/linux-apfs/linux-apfs-rw">apfs</link>,
          a kernel module for mounting the Apple File System (APFS).
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://github.com/JustArchiNET/ArchiSteamFarm">ArchiSteamFarm</link>,
          a C# application with primary purpose of idling Steam cards
          from multiple accounts simultaneously. Available as
          <link linkend="opt-services.archisteamfarm.enable">services.archisteamfarm</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://loic-sharma.github.io/BaGet/">BaGet</link>,
          a lightweight NuGet and symbol server. Available at
          <link linkend="opt-services.baget.enable">services.baget</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://0xerr0r.github.io/blocky/">blocky</link>,
          fast and lightweight DNS proxy as ad-blocker for local network
          with many features. Available as
          <link linkend="opt-services.blocky.enable">services.blocky</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://github.com/kissgyorgy/cloudflare-dyndns">cloudflare-dyndns</link>,
          CloudFlare Dynamic DNS client. Available as
          <link linkend="opt-services.cloudflare-dyndns.enable">services.cloudflare-dyndns</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://corosync.github.io/corosync/">Corosync</link>
          and
          <link xlink:href="https://clusterlabs.org/pacemaker/">Pacemaker</link>,
          A open-source high availability resource manager. Available as
          <link linkend="opt-services.corosync.enable">services.corosync</link>
          and
          <link linkend="opt-services.pacemaker.enable">services.pacemaker</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://github.com/lakinduakash/linux-wifi-hotspot">create_ap</link>,
          a module for creating wifi hotspots using the program
          linux-wifi-hotspot. Available as
          <link linkend="opt-services.create_ap.enable">services.create_ap</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://www.envoyproxy.io/">Envoy</link>, a
          high-performance reverse proxy. Available as
          <link linkend="opt-services.envoy.enable">services.envoy</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://ergo.chat">ergochat</link>, a modern
          IRC with IRCv3 features. Available as
          <link linkend="opt-services.ergochat.enable">services.ergochat</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://github.com/audreyt/ethercalc">ethercalc</link>,
          an online collaborative spreadsheet. Available as
          <link linkend="opt-services.ethercalc.enable">services.ethercalc</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/beats/filebeat/current/filebeat-overview.html">filebeat</link>,
          a lightweight shipper for forwarding and centralizing log
          data. Available as
          <link linkend="opt-services.filebeat.enable">services.filebeat</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://frrouting.org/">FRRouting</link>, a
          popular suite of Internet routing protocol daemons (BGP, BFD,
          OSPF, IS-IS, VRRP and others). Available as
          <link linkend="opt-services.frr.babel.enable">services.frr</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://grafana.com/oss/mimir/">Grafana
          Mimir</link>, an open source, horizontally scalable, highly
          available, multi-tenant, long-term storage for Prometheus.
          Available as
          <link linkend="opt-services.mimir.enable">services.mimir</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://hastebin.com/about.md">Haste</link>,
          a pastebin written in node.js. Available as
          <link linkend="opt-services.haste-server.enable">services.haste</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://github.com/juanfont/headscale">headscale</link>,
          an Open Source implementation of the
          <link xlink:href="https://tailscale.io">Tailscale</link>
          Control Server. Available as
          <link linkend="opt-services.headscale.enable">services.headscale</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://github.com/hifi/heisenbridge">heisenbridge</link>,
          a bouncer-style Matrix IRC bridge. Available as
          <link linkend="opt-services.heisenbridge.enable">services.heisenbridge</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://github.com/aarond10/https_dns_proxy">https-dns-proxy</link>,
          DNS to DNS over HTTPS (DoH) proxy. Available as
          <link linkend="opt-services.https-dns-proxy.enable">services.https-dns-proxy</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://github.com/sezanzeb/input-remapper">input-remapper</link>,
          an easy to use tool to change the mapping of your input device
          buttons. Available at
          <link linkend="opt-services.input-remapper.enable">services.input-remapper</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://invoiceplane.com">InvoicePlane</link>,
          web application for managing and creating invoices. Available
          at
          <link linkend="opt-services.invoiceplane.sites._name_.enable">services.invoiceplane</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://userbase.kde.org/K3b">k3b</link>,
          the KDE disk burning application. Available as
          <link linkend="opt-programs.k3b.enable">programs.k3b</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://www.scorchworks.com/K40whisperer/k40whisperer.html">K40-Whisperer</link>,
          a program to control cheap Chinese laser cutters. Available as
          <link linkend="opt-programs.k40-whisperer.enable">programs.k40-whisperer.enable</link>.
          Users must add themselves to the <literal>k40</literal> group
          to be able to access the device.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://kanidm.github.io/kanidm/stable/">kanidm</link>,
          an identity management server written in Rust. Available as
          <link linkend="opt-services.kanidm.enableServer">services.kanidm</link>
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://maddy.email">maddy</link>, a
          composable all-in-one mail server. Available as
          <link linkend="opt-services.maddy.enable">services.maddy</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://maddy.email/">Maddy</link>, a free
          an open source mail server. Availabe as
          <link linkend="opt-services.maddy.enable">services.maddy</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://conduit.rs/">matrix-conduit</link>,
          a simple, fast and reliable chat server powered by matrix.
          Available as
          <link xlink:href="option.html#opt-services.matrix-conduit.enable">services.matrix-conduit</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://moosefs.com">Moosefs</link>, fault
          tolerant petabyte distributed file system. Available as
          <link linkend="opt-services.moosefs.master.enable">moosefs</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://github.com/mozilla-mobile/mozilla-vpn-client">mozillavpn</link>,
          the client for the
          <link xlink:href="https://vpn.mozilla.org/">Mozilla VPN</link>
          service. Available as
          <link linkend="opt-services.mozillavpn.enable">services.mozillavpn</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://github.com/mgumz/mtr-exporter">mtr-exporter</link>,
          a Prometheus exporter for mtr metrics. Available as
          <link linkend="opt-services.mtr-exporter.enable">services.mtr-exporter</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://nbd.sourceforge.io/">nbd</link>, a
          Network Block Device server. Available as
          <link linkend="opt-services.nbd.server.enable">services.nbd</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://github.com/netbox-community/netbox">netbox</link>,
          infrastructure resource modeling (IRM) tool. Available as
          <link linkend="opt-services.netbox.enable">services.netbox</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://github.com/vvilhonen/nethoscope">nethoscope</link>,
          listen to your network traffic. Available as
          <link linkend="opt-programs.nethoscope.enable">programs.nethoscope</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://nifi.apache.org">nifi</link>, an
          easy to use, powerful, and reliable system to process and
          distribute data. Available as
          <link linkend="opt-services.nifi.enable">services.nifi</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://github.com/Mic92/nix-ld">nix-ld</link>,
          Run unpatched dynamic binaries on NixOS. Available as
          <link linkend="opt-programs.nix-ld.enable">programs.nix-ld</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="http://www.nncpgo.org">NNCP</link>, NNCP
          (Node to Node copy) utilities and configuration, Available as
          <link linkend="opt-programs.nncp.enable">programs.nncp</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://github.com/postgres/pgadmin4">pgadmin4</link>,
          an admin interface for the PostgreSQL database. Available at
          <link linkend="opt-services.pgadmin.enable">services.pgadmin</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://github.com/ngoduykhanh/PowerDNS-Admin">PowerDNS-Admin</link>,
          a web interface for the PowerDNS server. Available at
          <link linkend="opt-services.powerdns-admin.enable">services.powerdns-admin</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://github.com/prometheus-pve/prometheus-pve-exporter">prometheus-pve-exporter</link>,
          a tool that exposes information from the Proxmox VE API for
          use by Prometheus. Available as
          <link linkend="opt-services.prometheus.exporters.pve.enable">services.prometheus.exporters.pve</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://github.com/ThomasLeister/prosody-filer">prosody-filer</link>,
          a server for handling XMPP HTTP Upload requests. Available at
          <link linkend="opt-services.prosody-filer.enable">services.prosody-filer</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://public-inbox.org">Public
          Inbox</link>, an <quote>archives first</quote> approach to
          mailing lists. Available as
          <link linkend="opt-services.public-inbox.enable">services.public-inbox</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://github.com/fleaz/r53-ddns">r53-ddns</link>,
          a small tool to run your own DDNS service via AWS Route53.
          Available as
          <link linkend="opt-services.r53-ddns.enable">services.r53-ddns</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://ddvk.github.io/rmfakecloud/">rmfakecloud</link>,
          a clone of the cloud sync the remarkable tablet. Available as
          <link linkend="opt-services.rmfakecloud.enable">services.rmfakecloud</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://docs.docker.com/engine/security/rootless/">rootless
          Docker</link>, a <literal>systemd --user</literal> Docker
          service which runs without root permissions. Available as
          <link xlink:href="options.html#opt-virtualisation.docker.rootless.enable">virtualisation.docker.rootless.enable</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://www.rstudio.com/products/rstudio/#rstudio-server">rstudio-server</link>,
          a browser-based version of the RStudio IDE for the R
          programming language. Available as
          <link linkend="opt-services.rstudio-server.enable">services.rstudio-server</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://github.com/aler9/rtsp-simple-server">rtsp-simple-server</link>,
          ready-to-use RTSP / RTMP / HLS server and proxy that allows to
          read, publish and proxy video and audio streams. Available as
          <link linkend="opt-services.rtsp-simple-server.enable">services.rtsp-simple-server</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://snipeitapp.com">Snipe-IT</link>, a
          free open source IT asset/license management system. Available
          as
          <link linkend="opt-services.snipe-it.enable">services.snipe-it</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://snowflake.torproject.org/">snowflake-proxy</link>,
          a system to defeat internet censorship. Available as
          <link linkend="opt-services.snowflake-proxy.enable">services.snowflake-proxy</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://sslmate.com/">sslmate-agent</link>,
          a daemon for managing SSL/TLS certificates on a server.
          Available as
          <link xlink:href="services.sslmate-agent.enable">services.sslmate-agent</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://starship.rs">starship</link>, a
          minimal, blazing-fast, and infinitely customizable prompt for
          any shell. Available at
          <link linkend="opt-programs.starship.enable">programs.startship</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://github.com/rfjakob/systembus-notify">systembus-notify</link>,
          allow system level notifications to reach the users. Available
          as
          <link xlink:href="opt-services.systembus-notify.enable">services.systembus-notify</link>.
          Please keep in mind that this service should only be enabled
          on machines with fully trusted users, as any local user is
          able to DoS user sessions by spamming notifications.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://goteleport.com">teleport</link>,
          allows engineers and security professionals to unify access
          for SSH servers, Kubernetes clusters, web applications, and
          databases across all environments. Available at
          <link linkend="opt-services.teleport.enable">services.teleport</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://tetrd.app">tetrd</link>, share your
          internet connection from your device to your PC and vice versa
          through a USB cable. Available at
          <link linkend="opt-services.tetrd.enable">services.tetrd</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://upterm.dev">uptermd</link>, an
          open-source solution for sharing terminal sessions instantly
          over the public internet via secure tunnels. Available at
          <link linkend="opt-services.uptermd.enable">services.uptermd</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://github.com/darrylb123/usbrelay">usbrelayd</link>,
          an USB Relay MQTT daemon. Available as
          <link linkend="opt-services.usbrelayd.enable">services.usbrelayd</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://github.com/miquels/webdav-server-rs">webdav-server-rs</link>,
          Webdav server in rust. Available as
          <link linkend="opt-services.webdav-server-rs.enable">services.webdav-server-rs</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://github.com/gin66/wg_netmanager">wg-netmanager</link>,
          the Wireguard network manager. Available as
          <link linkend="opt-services.wg-netmanager.enable">services.wg-netmanager</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://zammad.org/">Zammad</link>, a
          web-based, open source user support/ticketing solution.
          Available as
          <link linkend="opt-services.zammad.enable">services.zammad</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
  </section>
  <section xml:id="sec-release-22.05-incompatibilities">
    <title>Backward Incompatibilities</title>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>pkgs.ghc</literal> now refers to
          <literal>pkgs.targetPackages.haskellPackages.ghc</literal>.
          This <emphasis>only</emphasis> makes a difference if you are
          cross-compiling and will ensure that
          <literal>pkgs.ghc</literal> always runs on the host platform
          and compiles for the target platform (similar to
          <literal>pkgs.gcc</literal> for example).
          <literal>haskellPackages.ghc</literal> still behaves as
          before, running on the build platform and compiling for the
          host platform (similar to <literal>stdenv.cc</literal>). This
          means you don’t have to adjust your derivations if you use
          <literal>haskellPackages.callPackage</literal>, but when using
          <literal>pkgs.callPackage</literal> and taking
          <literal>ghc</literal> as an input, you should now use
          <literal>buildPackages.ghc</literal> instead to ensure cross
          compilation keeps working (or switch to
          <literal>haskellPackages.callPackage</literal>).
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>pkgs.ghc.withPackages</literal> as well as
          <literal>haskellPackages.ghcWithPackages</literal> etc. now
          needs be overridden directly, as opposed to overriding the
          result of calling it. Additionally, the
          <literal>withLLVM</literal> parameter has been renamed to
          <literal>useLLVM</literal>. So instead of
          <literal>(ghc.withPackages (p: [])).override { withLLVM = true; }</literal>,
          one needs to use
          <literal>(ghc.withPackages.override { useLLVM = true; }) (p: [])</literal>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The update of the haskell package set brings with it a new
          version of the <literal>xmonad</literal> module, which will
          break your configuration if you use <literal>launch</literal>
          as entrypoint. The example code the corresponding nixos module
          was adjusted, you may want to have a look at it.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The <literal>home-assistant</literal> module now requires
          users that don’t want their configuration to be managed
          declaratively to set
          <literal>services.home-assistant.config = null;</literal>.
          This is required due to the way default settings are handled
          with the new settings style.
        </para>
        <para>
          Additionally the default list of
          <literal>extraComponents</literal> now includes the minimal
          dependencies to successfully complete the
          <link xlink:href="https://www.home-assistant.io/getting-started/onboarding/">onboarding</link>
          procedure.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>pkgs.emacsPackages.orgPackages</literal> is removed
          because org elpa is deprecated. The packages in the top level
          of <literal>pkgs.emacsPackages</literal>, such as org and
          org-contrib, refer to the ones in
          <literal>pkgs.emacsPackages.elpaPackages</literal> and
          <literal>pkgs.emacsPackages.nongnuPackages</literal> where the
          new versions will release.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The configuration and state directories used by
          <literal>nixos-containers</literal> have been moved from
          <literal>/etc/containers</literal> and
          <literal>/var/lib/containers</literal> to
          <literal>/etc/nixos-containers</literal> and
          <literal>/var/lib/nixos-containers</literal>.
        </para>
        <para>
          If you are changing <literal>system.stateVersion</literal> to
          <literal>&quot;22.05&quot;</literal> manually on an existing
          system you are responsible for migrating these directories
          yourself.
        </para>
        <para>
          This is to improve compatibility with
          <literal>libcontainer</literal> based software such as Podman
          and Skopeo which assumes they have ownership over
          <literal>/etc/containers</literal>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>lib.systems.supported</literal> has been removed, as
          it was overengineered for determining the systems to support
          in the nixpkgs flake. The list of systems exposed by the
          nixpkgs flake can now be accessed as
          <literal>lib.systems.flakeExposed</literal>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          For new installations
          <literal>virtualisation.oci-containers.backend</literal> is
          now set to <literal>podman</literal> by default. If you still
          want to use Docker on systems where
          <literal>system.stateVersion</literal> is set to to
          <literal>&quot;22.05&quot;</literal> set
          <literal>virtualisation.oci-containers.backend = &quot;docker&quot;;</literal>.Old
          systems with older <literal>stateVersion</literal>s stay with
          <quote>docker</quote>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>security.klogd</literal> was removed. Logging of
          kernel messages is handled by systemd since Linux 3.5.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>pkgs.ssmtp</literal> has been dropped due to the
          program being unmaintained. <literal>pkgs.msmtp</literal> can
          be used instead as a substitute <literal>sendmail</literal>
          implementation. The corresponding options
          <literal>services.ssmtp.*</literal> have been removed as well.
          <literal>programs.msmtp.*</literal> can be used instead for an
          equivalent setup. For example:
        </para>
        <programlisting language="bash">
{
  # Original ssmtp configuration:
  services.ssmtp = {
    enable = true;
    useTLS = true;
    useSTARTTLS = true;
    hostName = &quot;smtp.example:587&quot;;
    authUser = &quot;someone&quot;;
    authPassFile = &quot;/secrets/password.txt&quot;;
  };

  # Equivalent msmtp configuration:
  programs.msmtp = {
    enable = true;
    accounts.default = {
      tls = true;
      tls_starttls = true;
      auth = true;
      host = &quot;smtp.example&quot;;
      port = 587;
      user = &quot;someone&quot;;
      passwordeval = &quot;cat /secrets/password.txt&quot;;
    };
  };
}
</programlisting>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>services.kubernetes.addons.dashboard</literal> was
          removed due to it being an outdated version.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>services.kubernetes.scheduler.{port,address}</literal>
          now set <literal>--secure-port</literal> and
          <literal>--bind-address</literal> instead of
          <literal>--port</literal> and <literal>--address</literal>,
          since the former have been deprecated and are no longer
          functional in kubernetes&gt;=1.23. Ensure that you are not
          relying on the insecure behaviour before upgrading.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          In the PowerDNS Recursor module
          (<literal>services.pdns-recursor</literal>), default values of
          several IP address-related NixOS options have been updated to
          match the default upstream behavior. In particular, Recursor
          by default will:
        </para>
        <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
          <listitem>
            <para>
              listen on (and allows connections from) both IPv4 and IPv6
              addresses
              (<literal>services.pdns-recursor.dns.address</literal>,
              <literal>services.pdns-recursor.dns.allowFrom</literal>);
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              allow only local connections to the REST API server
              (<literal>services.pdns-recursor.api.allowFrom</literal>).
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          In the ncdns module, the default value of
          <literal>services.ncdns.address</literal> has been changed to
          the IPv6 loopback address (<literal>::1</literal>).
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>openldap</literal> (and therefore the slapd LDAP
          server) were updated to version 2.6.2. The project introduced
          backwards-incompatible changes, namely the removal of the bdb,
          hdb, ndb, and shell backends in slapd. Therefore before
          updating, dump your database <literal>slapcat -n 1</literal>
          in LDIF format, and reimport it after updating your
          <literal>services.openldap.settings</literal>, which
          represents your <literal>cn=config</literal>.
        </para>
        <para>
          Additionally with 2.5 the argon2 module was included in the
          standard distrubtion and renamed from
          <literal>pw-argon2</literal> to <literal>argon2</literal>.
          Remember to update your <literal>olcModuleLoad</literal> entry
          in <literal>cn=config</literal>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>openssh</literal> has been update to 8.9p1, changing
          the FIDO security key middleware interface.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>git</literal> no longer hardcodes the path to
          openssh’ ssh binary to reduce the amount of rebuilds. If you
          are using git with ssh remotes and do not have a ssh binary in
          your enviroment consider adding <literal>openssh</literal> to
          it or switching to <literal>gitFull</literal>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>services.k3s.enable</literal> no longer implies
          <literal>systemd.enableUnifiedCgroupHierarchy = false</literal>,
          and will default to the <quote>systemd</quote> cgroup driver
          when using <literal>services.k3s.docker = true</literal>. This
          change may require a reboot to take effect, and k3s may not be
          able to run if the boot cgroup hierarchy does not match its
          configuration. The previous behavior may be retained by
          explicitly setting
          <literal>systemd.enableUnifiedCgroupHierarchy = false</literal>
          in your configuration.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>fonts.fonts</literal> no longer includes ancient
          bitmap fonts when both
          <literal>config.services.xserver.enable</literal> and
          <literal>config.nixpkgs.config.allowUnfree</literal> are
          enabled. If you still want these fonts, use:
        </para>
        <programlisting language="bash">
{
  fonts.fonts = [
    pkgs.xorg.fontbhlucidatypewriter100dpi
    pkgs.xorg.fontbhlucidatypewriter75dpi
    pkgs.xorg.fontbh100dpi
  ];
}
</programlisting>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>services.prometheus.alertManagerTimeout</literal> has
          been removed as it has been deprecated upstream and has no
          effect.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The DHCP server (<literal>services.dhcpd4</literal>,
          <literal>services.dhcpd6</literal>) has been hardened. The
          service is now using the systemd’s
          <literal>DynamicUser</literal> mechanism to run as an
          unprivileged dynamically-allocated user with limited
          capabilities. The dhcpd state files are now always stored in
          <literal>/var/lib/dhcpd{4,6}</literal> and the
          <literal>services.dhcpd4.stateDir</literal> and
          <literal>service.dhcpd6.stateDir</literal> options have been
          removed. If you were depending on root privileges or
          set{uid,gid,cap} binaries in dhcpd shell hooks, you may give
          dhcpd more capabilities with e.g.
          <literal>systemd.services.dhcpd6.serviceConfig.AmbientCapabilities</literal>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The <literal>mailpile</literal> email webclient
          (<literal>services.mailpile</literal>) has been removed due to
          its reliance on python2.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>services.ipfs.extraFlags</literal> is now escaped
          with <literal>utils.escapeSystemdExecArgs</literal>. If you
          rely on systemd interpolating <literal>extraFlags</literal> in
          the service <literal>ExecStart</literal>, this will no longer
          work.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>hbase</literal> version 0.98.24 has been removed. The
          package now defaults to version 2.4.11. Versions 1.7.1 and
          3.0.0-alpha-2 are also available.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>services.paperless-ng</literal> was renamed to
          <literal>services.paperless</literal>. Accordingly, the
          <literal>paperless-ng-manage</literal> script (located in
          <literal>dataDir</literal>) was renamed to
          <literal>paperless-manage</literal>.
          <literal>services.paperless</literal> now uses
          <literal>paperless-ngx</literal>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The <literal>matrix-synapse</literal> service
          (<literal>services.matrix-synapse</literal>) has been
          converted to use the <literal>settings</literal> option
          defined in RFC42. This means that options that are part of
          your <literal>homeserver.yaml</literal> configuration, and
          that were specified at the top-level of the module
          (<literal>services.matrix-synapse</literal>) now need to be
          moved into
          <literal>services.matrix-synapse.settings</literal>. And while
          not all options you may use are defined in there, they are
          still supported, because you can set arbitrary values in this
          freeform type.
        </para>
        <para>
          The <literal>listeners.*.bind_address</literal> option was
          renamed to <literal>bind_addresses</literal> in order to match
          the upstream <literal>homeserver.yaml</literal> option name.
          It is now also a list of strings instead of a string.
        </para>
        <para>
          An example to make the required migration clearer:
        </para>
        <para>
          Before:
        </para>
        <programlisting language="bash">
{
  services.matrix-synapse = {
    enable = true;

    server_name = &quot;example.com&quot;;
    public_baseurl = &quot;https://example.com:8448&quot;;

    enable_registration = false;
    registration_shared_secret = &quot;xohshaeyui8jic7uutuDogahkee3aehuaf6ei3Xouz4iicie5thie6nohNahceut&quot;;
    macaroon_secret_key = &quot;xoo8eder9seivukaiPh1cheikohquuw8Yooreid0The4aifahth3Ou0aiShaiz4l&quot;;

    tls_certificate_path = &quot;/var/lib/acme/example.com/fullchain.pem&quot;;
    tls_certificate_path = &quot;/var/lib/acme/example.com/fullchain.pem&quot;;

    listeners = [ {
      port = 8448;
      bind_address = &quot;&quot;;
      type = &quot;http&quot;;
      tls = true;
      resources = [ {
        names = [ &quot;client&quot; ];
        compress = true;
      } {
        names = [ &quot;federation&quot; ];
        compress = false;
      } ];
    } ];

  };
}
</programlisting>
        <para>
          After:
        </para>
        <programlisting language="bash">
{
  services.matrix-synapse = {
    enable = true;

    # this attribute set holds all values that go into your homeserver.yaml configuration
    # See https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/blob/develop/docs/sample_config.yaml for
    # possible values.
    settings = {
      server_name = &quot;example.com&quot;;
      public_baseurl = &quot;https://example.com:8448&quot;;

      enable_registration = false;
      # pass `registration_shared_secret` and `macaroon_secret_key` via `extraConfigFiles` instead

      tls_certificate_path = &quot;/var/lib/acme/example.com/fullchain.pem&quot;;
      tls_certificate_path = &quot;/var/lib/acme/example.com/fullchain.pem&quot;;

      listeners = [ {
        port = 8448;
        bind_addresses = [
          &quot;::&quot;
          &quot;0.0.0.0&quot;
        ];
        type = &quot;http&quot;;
        tls = true;
        resources = [ {
          names = [ &quot;client&quot; ];
          compress = true;
        } {
          names = [ &quot;federation&quot; ];
          compress = false;
        } ];
      } ];
    };

    extraConfigFiles = [
      &quot;/run/keys/matrix-synapse/secrets.yaml&quot;
    ];
  };
}
</programlisting>
        <para>
          The secrets in your original config should be migrated into a
          YAML file that is included via
          <literal>extraConfigFiles</literal>. The filename must be
          quoted to prevent nix from copying it to the (world readable)
          store.
        </para>
        <para>
          Additionally a few option defaults have been synced up with
          upstream default values, for example the
          <literal>max_upload_size</literal> grew from
          <literal>10M</literal> to <literal>50M</literal>. For the same
          reason, the default <literal>media_store_path</literal> was
          changed from <literal>${dataDir}/media</literal> to
          <literal>${dataDir}/media_store</literal> if
          <literal>system.stateVersion</literal> is at least
          <literal>22.05</literal>. Files will need to be manually moved
          to the new location if the <literal>stateVersion</literal> is
          updated.
        </para>
        <para>
          As of Synapse 1.58.0, the old groups/communities feature has
          been disabled by default. It will be completely removed with
          Synapse 1.61.0.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The Keycloak package (<literal>pkgs.keycloak</literal>) has
          been switched from the Wildfly version, which will soon be
          deprecated, to the Quarkus based version. The Keycloak service
          (<literal>services.keycloak</literal>) has been updated to
          accommodate the change and now differs from the previous
          version in a few ways:
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              <literal>services.keycloak.extraConfig</literal> has been
              removed in favor of the new
              <link xlink:href="https://github.com/NixOS/rfcs/blob/master/rfcs/0042-config-option.md">settings-style</link>
              <link linkend="opt-services.keycloak.settings"><literal>services.keycloak.settings</literal></link>
              option. The available options correspond directly to
              parameters in <literal>conf/keycloak.conf</literal>. Some
              of the most important parameters are documented as
              suboptions, the rest can be found in the
              <link xlink:href="https://www.keycloak.org/server/all-config">All
              configuration section of the Keycloak Server Installation
              and Configuration Guide</link>. While the new
              configuration is much simpler and cleaner than the old
              JBoss CLI one, this unfortunately mean that there’s no
              straightforward way to convert an old configuration to the
              new format and some settings may not even be available
              anymore.
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              <literal>services.keycloak.frontendUrl</literal> was
              removed and the frontend URL is now configured through the
              <literal>hostname</literal> family of settings in
              <link linkend="opt-services.keycloak.settings"><literal>services.keycloak.settings</literal></link>
              instead. See the
              <link xlink:href="https://www.keycloak.org/server/hostname">Hostname
              section of the Keycloak Server Installation and
              Configuration Guide</link> for more details. Additionally,
              <literal>/auth</literal> was removed from the default
              context path and needs to be added back in
              <link linkend="opt-services.keycloak.settings.http-relative-path"><literal>services.keycloak.settings.http-relative-path</literal></link>
              if you want to keep compatibility with your current
              clients.
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              <literal>services.keycloak.bindAddress</literal>,
              <literal>services.keycloak.forceBackendUrlToFrontendUrl</literal>,
              <literal>services.keycloak.httpPort</literal> and
              <literal>services.keycloak.httpsPort</literal> have been
              removed in favor of their equivalent options in
              <link linkend="opt-services.keycloak.settings"><literal>services.keycloak.settings</literal></link>.
              <literal>httpPort</literal> and
              <literal>httpsPort</literal> have additionally had their
              types changed from <literal>str</literal> to
              <literal>port</literal>.
            </para>
            <para>
              The new names are as follows:
            </para>
            <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
              <listitem>
                <para>
                  <literal>bindAddress</literal>:
                  <link linkend="opt-services.keycloak.settings.http-host"><literal>services.keycloak.settings.http-host</literal></link>
                </para>
              </listitem>
              <listitem>
                <para>
                  <literal>forceBackendUrlToFrontendUrl</literal>:
                  <link linkend="opt-services.keycloak.settings.hostname-strict-backchannel"><literal>services.keycloak.settings.hostname-strict-backchannel</literal></link>
                </para>
              </listitem>
              <listitem>
                <para>
                  <literal>httpPort</literal>:
                  <link linkend="opt-services.keycloak.settings.http-port"><literal>services.keycloak.settings.http-port</literal></link>
                </para>
              </listitem>
              <listitem>
                <para>
                  <literal>httpsPort</literal>:
                  <link linkend="opt-services.keycloak.settings.https-port"><literal>services.keycloak.settings.https-port</literal></link>
                </para>
              </listitem>
            </itemizedlist>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          For example, when using a reverse proxy the migration could
          look like this:
        </para>
        <para>
          Before:
        </para>
        <programlisting language="bash">
  services.keycloak = {
    enable = true;
    httpPort = &quot;8080&quot;;
    frontendUrl = &quot;https://keycloak.example.com/auth&quot;;
    database.passwordFile = &quot;/run/keys/db_password&quot;;
    extraConfig = {
      &quot;subsystem=undertow&quot;.&quot;server=default-server&quot;.&quot;http-listener=default&quot;.proxy-address-forwarding = true;
    };
  };
</programlisting>
        <para>
          After:
        </para>
        <programlisting language="bash">
  services.keycloak = {
    enable = true;
    settings = {
      http-port = 8080;
      hostname = &quot;keycloak.example.com&quot;;
      http-relative-path = &quot;/auth&quot;;
      proxy = &quot;edge&quot;;
    };
    database.passwordFile = &quot;/run/keys/db_password&quot;;
  };
</programlisting>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The MoinMoin wiki engine
          (<literal>services.moinmoin</literal>) has been removed,
          because Python 2 is being retired from nixpkgs.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Services in the <literal>hadoop</literal> module previously
          set <literal>openFirewall</literal> to true by default. This
          has now been changed to false. Node definitions for multi-node
          clusters would need <literal>openFirewall = true;</literal> to
          be added to to hadoop services when upgrading from NixOS
          21.11.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>services.hadoop.yarn.nodemanager</literal> now uses
          cgroup-based CPU limit enforcement by default. Additionally,
          the option <literal>useCGroups</literal> was added to
          nodemanagers as an easy way to switch back to the old
          behavior.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The <literal>wafHook</literal> hook now honors
          <literal>NIX_BUILD_CORES</literal> when
          <literal>enableParallelBuilding</literal> is not set
          explicitly. Packages can restore the old behaviour by setting
          <literal>enableParallelBuilding=false</literal>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>pkgs.claws-mail-gtk2</literal>, representing Claws
          Mail’s older release version three, was removed in order to
          get rid of Python 2. Please switch to
          <literal>claws-mail</literal>, which is Claws Mail’s latest
          release based on GTK+3 and Python 3.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The <literal>writers.writePython2</literal> and corresponding
          <literal>writers.writePython2Bin</literal> convenience
          functions to create executable Python 2 scripts in the store
          were removed in preparation of removal of the Python 2
          interpreter. Scripts have to be converted to Python 3 for use
          with <literal>writers.writePython3</literal> or
          <literal>writers.writePyPy2</literal> needs to be used.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>buildGoModule</literal> was updated to use
          <literal>go_1_17</literal>, third party derivations that
          specify &gt;= go 1.17 in the main <literal>go.mod</literal>
          will need to regenerate their <literal>vendorSha256</literal>
          hash.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The <literal>gnome-passwordsafe</literal> package updated to
          <link xlink:href="https://gitlab.gnome.org/World/secrets/-/tags/6.0">version
          6.x</link> and renamed to <literal>gnome-secrets</literal>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>services.gnome.experimental-features.realtime-scheduling</literal>
          option has been removed, as GNOME Shell now
          <link xlink:href="https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/mutter/-/merge_requests/2060">uses
          rtkit</link>. Use
          <literal>security.rtkit.enable = true;</literal> instead. As
          before, you will need to have it enabled using GSettings.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>services.telepathy</literal> will no longer be
          enabled by default for GNOME desktops, one should enable it in
          their configs if using Empathy or Polari.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          If you previously used
          <literal>/etc/docker/daemon.json</literal>, you need to
          incorporate the changes into the new option
          <literal>virtualisation.docker.daemon.settings</literal>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Ntopng (<literal>services.ntopng</literal>) is updated to
          5.2.1 and uses a separate Redis instance if
          <literal>system.stateVersion</literal> is at least
          <literal>22.05</literal>. Existing setups shouldn’t be
          affected.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The backward compatibility in
          <literal>services.wordpress</literal> to configure sites with
          the old interface has been removed. Please use
          <literal>services.wordpress.sites</literal> instead.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The backward compatibility in
          <literal>services.dokuwiki</literal> to configure sites with
          the old interface has been removed. Please use
          <literal>services.dokuwiki.sites</literal> instead.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          opensmtpd-extras is no longer build with python2 scripting
          support due to python2 deprecation in nixpkgs
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>services.miniflux.adminCredentialFiles</literal> is
          now required, instead of defaulting to
          <literal>admin</literal> and <literal>password</literal>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The <literal>taskserver</literal> module no longer implicitly
          opens ports in the firewall configuration. This is now
          controlled through the option
          <literal>services.taskserver.openFirewall</literal>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The <literal>autorestic</literal> package has been upgraded
          from 1.3.0 to 1.5.0 which introduces breaking changes in
          config file, check
          <link xlink:href="https://autorestic.vercel.app/migration/1.4_1.5">their
          migration guide</link> for more details.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>teleport</literal> has been upgraded to major version
          9. Please see upstream
          <link xlink:href="https://goteleport.com/docs/setup/operations/upgrading/">upgrade
          instructions</link> and
          <link xlink:href="https://goteleport.com/docs/changelog/#900">release
          notes</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          For <literal>pkgs.python3.pkgs.ipython</literal>, its direct
          dependency
          <literal>pkgs.python3.pkgs.matplotlib-inline</literal> (which
          is really an adapter to integrate matplotlib in ipython if it
          is installed) does not depend on
          <literal>pkgs.python3.pkgs.matplotlib</literal> anymore. This
          is closer to a non-Nix install of ipython. This has the added
          benefit to reduce the closure size of
          <literal>ipython</literal> from ~400MB to ~160MB (including
          ~100MB for python itself).
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>documentation.man</literal> has been refactored to
          support choosing a man implementation other than GNU’s
          <literal>man-db</literal>. For this,
          <literal>documentation.man.manualPages</literal> has been
          renamed to
          <literal>documentation.man.man-db.manualPages</literal>. If
          you want to use the new alternative man implementation
          <literal>mandoc</literal>, add
          <literal>documentation.man = { enable = true; man-db.enable = false; mandoc.enable = true; }</literal>
          to your configuration.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Normal users (with <literal>isNormalUser = true</literal>)
          which have non-empty <literal>subUidRanges</literal> or
          <literal>subGidRanges</literal> set no longer have additional
          implicit ranges allocated. To enable automatic allocation back
          set <literal>autoSubUidGidRange = true</literal>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>idris2</literal> now requires
          <literal>--package</literal> when using packages
          <literal>contrib</literal> and <literal>network</literal>,
          while previously these idris2 packages were automatically
          loaded.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The iputils package, which is installed by default, no longer
          provides the legacy tools <literal>tftpd</literal> and
          <literal>traceroute6</literal>. More tools
          (<literal>ninfod</literal>, <literal>rarpd</literal>, and
          <literal>rdisc</literal>) are going to be removed in the next
          release. See
          <link xlink:href="https://github.com/iputils/iputils/releases/tag/20211215">upstream’s
          release notes</link> for more details and available
          replacements.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>services.thelounge.private</literal> was removed in
          favor of <literal>services.thelounge.public</literal>, to
          follow with upstream changes.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>pkgs.docbookrx</literal> was removed since it’s
          unmaintained
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>pkgs._7zz</literal> is now correctly licensed as
          LGPL3+ and BSD3 with optional unfree unRAR licensed code
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The <literal>vim.customize</literal> function produced by
          <literal>vimUtils.makeCustomizable</literal> now has a
          slightly different interface:
        </para>
        <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
          <listitem>
            <para>
              The wrapper now includes everything in the given Vim
              derivation if <literal>name</literal> is
              <literal>&quot;vim&quot;</literal> (the default). This
              makes the <literal>wrapManual</literal> argument obsolete,
              but this behavior can be overriden by setting the
              <literal>standalone</literal> argument.
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              All the executables present in the given derivation (or,
              in <literal>standalone</literal> mode, only the
              <literal>*vim</literal> ones) are wrapped. This makes the
              <literal>wrapGui</literal> argument obsolete.
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              The <literal>vimExecutableName</literal> and
              <literal>gvimExecutableName</literal> arguments were
              replaced by a single <literal>executableName</literal>
              argument in which the shell variable
              <literal>$exe</literal> can be used to refer to the
              wrapped executable’s name.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          See the comments in
          <literal>pkgs/applications/editors/vim/plugins/vim-utils.nix</literal>
          for more details.
        </para>
        <para>
          <literal>vimUtils.vimWithRC</literal> was removed. You should
          instead use <literal>customize</literal> on a Vim derivation,
          which now accepts <literal>vimrcFile</literal> and
          <literal>gvimrcFile</literal> arguments.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>tilp2</literal> was removed together with its module
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The F-PROT antivirus (<literal>fprot</literal> package) and
          its service module were removed because it reached
          <link xlink:href="https://kb.cyren.com/av-support/index.php?/Knowledgebase/Article/View/434/0/end-of-sale--end-of-life-for-f-prot-and-csam">end-of-life</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>bird1</literal> and its modules
          <literal>services.bird</literal> as well as
          <literal>services.bird6</literal> have been removed. Upgrade
          to <literal>services.bird2</literal>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The options
          <literal>networking.interfaces.&lt;name&gt;.ipv4.routes</literal>
          and
          <literal>networking.interfaces.&lt;name&gt;.ipv6.routes</literal>
          are no longer ignored when using networkd instead of the
          default scripted network backend by setting
          <literal>networking.useNetworkd</literal> to
          <literal>true</literal>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The <literal>miller</literal> package has been upgraded from
          5.10.3 to
          <link xlink:href="https://github.com/johnkerl/miller/releases/tag/v6.2.0">6.2.0</link>.
          See
          <link xlink:href="https://miller.readthedocs.io/en/latest/new-in-miller-6">What’s
          new in Miller 6</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          MultiMC has been replaced with the fork PolyMC due to upstream
          developers being hostile to 3rd party package maintainers.
          PolyMC removes all MultiMC branding and is aimed at providing
          proper 3rd party packages like the one contained in Nixpkgs.
          This change affects the data folder where game instances and
          other save and configuration files are stored. Users with
          existing installations should rename
          <literal>~/.local/share/multimc</literal> to
          <literal>~/.local/share/polymc</literal>. The main config
          file’s path has also moved from
          <literal>~/.local/share/multimc/multimc.cfg</literal> to
          <literal>~/.local/share/polymc/polymc.cfg</literal>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>systemd-nspawn@.service</literal> settings have been
          reverted to the default systemd behaviour. User namespaces are
          now activated by default. If you want to keep running nspawn
          containers without user namespaces you need to set
          <literal>systemd.nspawn.&lt;name&gt;.execConfig.PrivateUsers = false</literal>
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>systemd-shutdown</literal> is now properly linked on
          shutdown to unmount all filesystems and device mapper devices
          cleanly. This can be disabled using
          <literal>systemd.shutdownRamfs.enable</literal>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The Tor SOCKS proxy is now actually disabled if
          <literal>services.tor.client.enable</literal> is set to
          <literal>false</literal> (the default). If you are using this
          functionality but didn’t change the setting or set it to
          <literal>false</literal>, you now need to set it to
          <literal>true</literal>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>services.github-runner</literal> has been hardened.
          Notably address families and system calls have been
          restricted, which may adversely affect some kinds of testing,
          e.g. using <literal>AF_BLUETOOTH</literal> to test bluetooth
          devices.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The terraform 0.12 compatibility has been removed and the
          <literal>terraform.withPlugins</literal> and
          <literal>terraform-providers.mkProvider</literal>
          implementations simplified. Providers now need to be stored
          under
          <literal>$out/libexec/terraform-providers/&lt;registry&gt;/&lt;owner&gt;/&lt;name&gt;/&lt;version&gt;/&lt;os&gt;_&lt;arch&gt;/terraform-provider-&lt;name&gt;_v&lt;version&gt;</literal>
          (which mkProvider does).
        </para>
        <para>
          This breaks back-compat so it’s not possible to mix-and-match
          with previous versions of nixpkgs. In exchange, it now becomes
          possible to use the providers from
          <link xlink:href="https://github.com/numtide/nixpkgs-terraform-providers-bin">nixpkgs-terraform-providers-bin</link>
          directly.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The <literal>dendrite</literal> package has been upgraded from
          0.5.1 to
          <link xlink:href="https://github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/releases/tag/v0.6.5">0.6.5</link>.
          Instances configured with split sqlite databases, which has
          been the default in NixOS, require merging of the federation
          sender and signing key databases. See upstream
          <link xlink:href="https://github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/releases/tag/v0.6.0">release
          notes</link> on version 0.6.0 for details on database changes.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The existing <literal>pkgs.opentelemetry-collector</literal>
          has been moved to
          <literal>pkgs.opentelemetry-collector-contrib</literal> to
          match the actual source being the <quote>contrib</quote>
          edition. <literal>pkgs.opentelemetry-collector</literal> is
          now the actual core release of opentelemetry-collector. If you
          use the community contributions you should change the package
          you refer to. If you don’t need them update your commands from
          <literal>otelcontribcol</literal> to
          <literal>otelcorecol</literal> and enjoy a 7x smaller binary.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>services.zookeeper</literal> has a new option
          <literal>jre</literal> for specifying the JRE to start
          zookeeper with. It defaults to the JRE that
          <literal>pkgs.zookeeper</literal> was wrapped with, instead of
          <literal>pkgs.jre</literal>. This changes the JRE to
          <literal>pkgs.jdk11_headless</literal> by default.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>pkgs.pgadmin</literal> now refers to
          <literal>pkgs.pgadmin4</literal>. <literal>pgadmin3</literal>
          has been removed.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>pkgs.minetestclient_4</literal> and
          <literal>pkgs.minetestserver_4</literal> have been removed, as
          the last 4.x release was in 2018.
          <literal>pkgs.minetestclient</literal> (equivalent to
          <literal>pkgs.minetest</literal> ) and
          <literal>pkgs.minetestserver</literal> can be used instead.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>pkgs.noto-fonts-cjk</literal> is now deprecated in
          favor of <literal>pkgs.noto-fonts-cjk-sans</literal> and
          <literal>pkgs.noto-fonts-cjk-serif</literal> because they each
          have different release schedules. To maintain compatibility
          with prior releases of Nixpkgs,
          <literal>pkgs.noto-fonts-cjk</literal> is currently an alias
          of <literal>pkgs.noto-fonts-cjk-sans</literal> and doesn’t
          include serif fonts.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>pkgs.epgstation</literal> has been upgraded from v1
          to v2, resulting in incompatible changes in the database
          scheme and configuration format.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Some top-level settings under
          <link linkend="opt-services.epgstation.enable">services.epgstation</link>
          is now deprecated because it was redudant due to the same
          options being present in
          <link linkend="opt-services.epgstation.settings">services.epgstation.settings</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The option <literal>services.epgstation.basicAuth</literal>
          was removed because basic authentication support was dropped
          by upstream.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The option
          <link linkend="opt-services.epgstation.database.passwordFile">services.epgstation.database.passwordFile</link>
          no longer has a default value. Make sure to set this option
          explicitly before upgrading. Change the database password if
          necessary.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The
          <link linkend="opt-services.epgstation.settings">services.epgstation.settings</link>
          option now expects options for <literal>config.yml</literal>
          in EPGStation v2.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Existing data for the
          <link linkend="opt-services.epgstation.enable">services.epgstation</link>
          module would have to be backed up prior to the upgrade. To
          back up exising data to
          <literal>/tmp/epgstation.bak</literal>, run
          <literal>sudo -u epgstation epgstation run backup /tmp/epgstation.bak</literal>.
          To import that data after to the upgrade, run
          <literal>sudo -u epgstation epgstation run v1migrate /tmp/epgstation.bak</literal>
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>switch-to-configuration</literal> (the script that is
          run when running <literal>nixos-rebuild switch</literal> for
          example) has been reworked
        </para>
        <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
          <listitem>
            <para>
              The interface that allows activation scripts to restart
              units has been streamlined. Restarting and reloading is
              now done by a single file
              <literal>/run/nixos/activation-restart-list</literal> that
              honors <literal>restartIfChanged</literal> and
              <literal>reloadIfChanged</literal> of the units.
            </para>
            <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
              <listitem>
                <para>
                  Preferring to reload instead of restarting can still
                  be achieved using
                  <literal>/run/nixos/activation-reload-list</literal>.
                </para>
              </listitem>
            </itemizedlist>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              The script now uses a proper ini-file parser to parse
              systemd units. Some values are now only searched in one
              section instead of in the entire unit. This is only
              relevant for units that don’t use the NixOS systemd moule.
            </para>
            <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
              <listitem>
                <para>
                  <literal>RefuseManualStop</literal>,
                  <literal>X-OnlyManualStart</literal>,
                  <literal>X-StopOnRemoval</literal>,
                  <literal>X-StopOnReconfiguration</literal> are only
                  searched in the <literal>[Unit]</literal> section
                </para>
              </listitem>
              <listitem>
                <para>
                  <literal>X-ReloadIfChanged</literal>,
                  <literal>X-RestartIfChanged</literal>,
                  <literal>X-StopIfChanged</literal> are only searched
                  in the <literal>[Service]</literal> section
                </para>
              </listitem>
            </itemizedlist>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The <literal>services.bookstack.cacheDir</literal> option has
          been removed, since the cache directory is now handled by
          systemd.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The <literal>services.bookstack.extraConfig</literal> option
          has been replaced by
          <literal>services.bookstack.config</literal> which implements
          a
          <link xlink:href="https://github.com/NixOS/rfcs/blob/master/rfcs/0042-config-option.md">settings-style</link>
          configuration.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>lib.assertMsg</literal> and
          <literal>lib.assertOneOf</literal> no longer return
          <literal>false</literal> if the passed condition is
          <literal>false</literal>, <literal>throw</literal>ing the
          given error message instead (which makes the resulting error
          message less cluttered). This will not impact the behaviour of
          code using these functions as intended, namely as top-level
          wrapper for <literal>assert</literal> conditions.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The <literal>vpnc</literal> package has been changed to use
          GnuTLS instead of OpenSSL by default for licensing reasons.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The default version of <literal>nextcloud</literal> is
          <emphasis role="strong">nextcloud24</emphasis>. Please note
          that it’s <emphasis role="strong">not</emphasis> possible to
          upgrade <literal>nextcloud</literal> across multiple major
          versions! This means it’s e.g. not possible to upgrade from
          <literal>nextcloud22</literal> to
          <literal>nextcloud24</literal> in a single deploy and most
          <literal>21.11</literal> users will have to upgrade to
          <literal>nextcloud23</literal> first.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>pkgs.vimPlugins.onedark-nvim</literal> now refers to
          <link xlink:href="https://github.com/navarasu/onedark.nvim">navarasu/onedark.nvim</link>
          (formerly refers to
          <link xlink:href="https://github.com/olimorris/onedarkpro.nvim">olimorris/onedarkpro.nvim</link>).
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>services.pipewire.enable</literal> will default to
          enabling the WirePlumber session manager instead of
          pipewire-media-session. pipewire-media-session is deprecated
          by upstream and not recommended, but can still be manually
          enabled by setting
          <literal>services.pipewire.media-session.enable</literal> to
          <literal>true</literal> and
          <literal>services.pipewire.wireplumber.enable</literal> to
          <literal>false</literal>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>pkgs.makeDesktopItem</literal> has been refactored to
          provide a more idiomatic API. Specifically:
        </para>
        <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
          <listitem>
            <para>
              All valid options as of FDO Desktop Entry specification
              version 1.4 can now be passed in as explicit arguments
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              <literal>exec</literal> can now be null, for entries that
              are not of type Application
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              <literal>mimeType</literal> argument is renamed to
              <literal>mimeTypes</literal> for consistency
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              <literal>mimeTypes</literal>,
              <literal>categories</literal>,
              <literal>implements</literal>,
              <literal>keywords</literal>, <literal>onlyShowIn</literal>
              and <literal>notShowIn</literal> take lists of strings
              instead of one string with semicolon separators
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              <literal>extraDesktopEntries</literal> renamed to
              <literal>extraConfig</literal> for consistency
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              Actions should now be provided as an attrset
              <literal>actions</literal>, the <literal>Actions</literal>
              line will be autogenerated.
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              <literal>extraEntries</literal> is removed.
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              Additional validation is added both at eval time and at
              build time.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          See the <literal>vscode</literal> package for a more detailed
          example.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Existing <literal>resholve*</literal> functions have been
          renamed and nested under <literal>pkgs.resholve</literal>.
          Update uses to:
        </para>
        <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
          <listitem>
            <para>
              <literal>resholvePackage</literal> -&gt;
              <literal>resholve.mkDerivation</literal>
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              <literal>resholveScript</literal> -&gt;
              <literal>resholve.writeScript</literal>
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              <literal>resholveScriptBin</literal> -&gt;
              <literal>resholve.writeScriptBin</literal>
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>pkgs.cosmopolitan</literal> no longer provides the
          <literal>cosmoc</literal> command. It has been moved to
          <literal>pkgs.cosmoc</literal>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>pkgs.graalvmXX-ce</literal> packages no longer
          provide support for Python/Ruby/WASM, instead focusing only in
          Java and Native Image Support. If you need to add support
          back, please see the
          <literal>pkgs.graalvmCEPackages.mkGraal</literal> function to
          create your own customized version of GraalVM with support for
          what you need.
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
  </section>
  <section xml:id="sec-release-22.05-notable-changes">
    <title>Other Notable Changes</title>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The option
          <link linkend="opt-services.redis.servers">services.redis.servers</link>
          was added to support per-application
          <literal>redis-server</literal> which is more secure since
          Redis databases are only mere key prefixes without any
          configuration or ACL of their own. Backward-compatibility is
          preserved by mapping old
          <literal>services.redis.settings</literal> to
          <literal>services.redis.servers.&quot;&quot;.settings</literal>,
          but you are strongly encouraged to name each
          <literal>redis-server</literal> instance after the application
          using it, instead of keeping that nameless one. Except for the
          nameless
          <literal>services.redis.servers.&quot;&quot;</literal> still
          accessible at <literal>127.0.0.1:6379</literal>, and to the
          members of the Unix group <literal>redis</literal> through the
          Unix socket <literal>/run/redis/redis.sock</literal>, all
          other <literal>services.redis.servers.${serverName}</literal>
          are only accessible by default to the members of the Unix
          group <literal>redis-${serverName}</literal> through the Unix
          socket <literal>/run/redis-${serverName}/redis.sock</literal>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The option
          <link linkend="opt-virtualisation.vmVariant">virtualisation.vmVariant</link>
          was added to allow users to make changes to the
          <literal>nixos-rebuild build-vm</literal> configuration that
          do not apply to their normal system.
        </para>
        <para>
          The <literal>config.system.build.vm</literal> attribute now
          always exists and defaults to the value from
          <literal>vmVariant</literal>. Configurations that import the
          <literal>virtualisation/qemu-vm.nix</literal> module
          themselves will override this value, such that
          <literal>vmVariant</literal> is not used.
        </para>
        <para>
          Similarly
          <link linkend="opt-virtualisation.vmVariantWithBootLoader">virtualisation.vmVariantWithBootloader</link>
          was added.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The configuration portion of the <literal>nix-daemon</literal>
          module has been reworked and exposed as
          <link xlink:href="options.html#opt-nix-settings">nix.settings</link>:
        </para>
        <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
          <listitem>
            <para>
              Legacy options have been mapped to the corresponding
              options under under
              <link xlink:href="options.html#opt-nix.settings">nix.settings</link>
              and will be deprecated when NixOS 21.11 reaches end of
              life.
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              <link xlink:href="options.html#opt-nix.buildMachines.publicHostKey">nix.buildMachines.publicHostKey</link>
              has been added.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link xlink:href="https://kops.sigs.k8s.io"><literal>kops</literal></link>
          defaults to 1.23.2, which will enable
          <link xlink:href="https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/configuring-instance-metadata-service.html">Instance
          Metadata Service Version 2</link> and require tokens on new
          clusters with Kubernetes &gt;= 1.22. This will increase
          security by default, but may break some types of workloads.
          The default behaviour for
          <literal>spec.kubeDNS.nodeLocalDNS.forwardToKubeDNS</literal>
          has changed from <literal>true</literal> to
          <literal>false</literal>. Cilium now has
          <literal>disable-cnp-status-updates: true</literal> by
          default. Set this to false if you rely on the
          CiliumNetworkPolicy status fields. Support for Kubernetes
          1.17, the Lyft CNI, Weave CNI on Kubernetes &gt;= 1.23, CentOS
          7 and 8, Debian 9, RHEL 7, and Ubuntu 16.05 (Xenial) has been
          removed. See the
          <link xlink:href="https://kops.sigs.k8s.io/releases/1.22-notes/">1.22
          release notes</link> and
          <link xlink:href="https://kops.sigs.k8s.io/releases/1.23-notes/">1.23
          release notes</link> for more details, including other
          significant changes.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Mattermost has been upgraded to extended support version 6.3
          as the previously packaged extended support version 5.37 is
          <link xlink:href="https://docs.mattermost.com/upgrade/extended-support-release.html">reaching
          end of life</link>. Migration may take some time, see the
          <link xlink:href="https://docs.mattermost.com/install/self-managed-changelog.html#release-v6-3-extended-support-release">changelog</link>
          and
          <link xlink:href="https://docs.mattermost.com/upgrade/important-upgrade-notes.html">important
          upgrade notes</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The
          <literal>writers.writePyPy2</literal>/<literal>writers.writePyPy3</literal>
          and corresponding
          <literal>writers.writePyPy2Bin</literal>/<literal>writers.writePyPy3Bin</literal>
          convenience functions to create executable Python 2/3 scripts
          using the PyPy interpreter were added.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Some improvements have been made to the
          <literal>hadoop</literal> module:
        </para>
        <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
          <listitem>
            <para>
              A <literal>gatewayRole</literal> option has been added,
              for deploying hadoop cluster configuration files to a node
              that does not have any active services
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              Support for older versions of hadoop have been added to
              the module
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              Overriding and extending site XML files has been made
              easier
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The auto-upgrade service now accepts persistent (default:
          true) parameter. By default auto-upgrade will now run
          immediately if it would have been triggered at least once
          during the time when the timer was inactive.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Mastodon now uses <literal>services.redis.servers</literal> to
          start a new redis server, instead of using a global redis
          server. This improves compatibility with other services that
          use redis.
        </para>
        <para>
          Note that this will recreate the redis database, although
          according to the
          <link xlink:href="https://docs.joinmastodon.org/admin/backups/">Mastodon
          docs</link>, this is almost harmless:
        </para>
        <blockquote>
          <para>
            Losing the Redis database is almost harmless: The only
            irrecoverable data will be the contents of the Sidekiq
            queues and scheduled retries of previously failed jobs. The
            home and list feeds are stored in Redis, but can be
            regenerated with tootctl.
          </para>
        </blockquote>
        <para>
          If you do want to save the redis database, you can use the
          following commands:
        </para>
        <programlisting language="bash">
redis-cli save
cp /var/lib/redis/dump.rdb &quot;/var/lib/redis-mastodon/dump.rdb&quot;
</programlisting>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Peertube now uses services.redis.servers to start a new redis
          server, instead of using a global redis server. This improves
          compatibility with other services that use redis.
        </para>
        <para>
          Redis database is used for storage only cache and job queue.
          More information can be found here -
          <link xlink:href="https://docs.joinpeertube.org/contribute-architecture">Peertube
          architecture</link>.
        </para>
        <para>
          If you do want to save the redis database, you can use the
          following commands before upgrade OS:
        </para>
        <programlisting language="bash">
redis-cli save
sudo mkdir /var/lib/redis-peertube
sudo cp /var/lib/redis/dump.rdb /var/lib/redis-peertube/dump.rdb
</programlisting>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          If you are using Wayland you can choose to use the Ozone
          Wayland support in Chrome and several Electron apps by setting
          the environment variable <literal>NIXOS_OZONE_WL=1</literal>
          (for example via
          <literal>environment.sessionVariables.NIXOS_OZONE_WL = &quot;1&quot;</literal>).
          This is not enabled by default because Ozone Wayland is still
          under heavy development and behavior is not always flawless.
          Furthermore, not all Electron apps use the latest Electron
          versions.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          A new option group
          <literal>systemd.network.wait-online</literal> was added, with
          options to configure
          <literal>systemd-networkd-wait-online.service</literal>:
        </para>
        <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
          <listitem>
            <para>
              <literal>anyInterface</literal> allows specifying that the
              network should be considered online when <emphasis>at
              least one</emphasis> interface is online (useful on
              laptops)
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              <literal>timeout</literal> defines how long to wait for
              the network to come online
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              <literal>extraArgs</literal> for everything else
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The <literal>influxdb2</literal> package was split into
          <literal>influxdb2-server</literal> and
          <literal>influxdb2-cli</literal>, matching the split that took
          place upstream. A combined <literal>influxdb2</literal>
          package is still provided in this release for backwards
          compatibilty, but will be removed at a later date.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The <literal>unifi</literal> package was switched from
          <literal>unifi6</literal> to <literal>unifi7</literal>. Direct
          downgrades from Unifi 7 to Unifi 6 are not possible and
          require restoring from a backup made by Unifi 6.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>programs.zsh.autosuggestions.strategy</literal> now
          takes a list of strings instead of a string.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The <literal>asterisk</literal> and
          <literal>asterisk-stable</literal> packages were switched from
          <literal>asterisk_18</literal> to the newly-packaged
          <literal>asterisk_19</literal>. Asterisk 13 and 17 have been
          removed as they have reached their end of life.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The <literal>services.unifi.openPorts</literal> option default
          value of <literal>true</literal> is now deprecated and will be
          changed to <literal>false</literal> in 22.11. Configurations
          using this default will print a warning when rebuilt.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The <literal>services.unifi-video.openPorts</literal> option
          default value of <literal>true</literal> is now deprecated and
          will be changed to <literal>false</literal> in 22.11.
          Configurations using this default will print a warning when
          rebuilt.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>security.acme</literal> certificates will now
          correctly check for CA revokation before reaching their
          minimum age.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Removing domains from
          <literal>security.acme.certs._name_.extraDomainNames</literal>
          will now correctly remove those domains during rebuild/renew.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          MariaDB is now offered in several versions, not just the
          newest one. So if you have a need for running MariaDB 10.4 for
          example, you can now just set
          <literal>services.mysql.package = pkgs.mariadb_104;</literal>.
          In general, it is recommended to run the newest version, to
          get the newest features, while sticking with an LTS version
          will most likely provide a more stable experience. Sometimes
          software is also incompatible with the newest version of
          MariaDB.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The option
          <link linkend="opt-programs.ssh.enableAskPassword">programs.ssh.enableAskPassword</link>
          was added, decoupling the setting of
          <literal>SSH_ASKPASS</literal> from
          <literal>services.xserver.enable</literal>. This allows easy
          usage in non-X11 environments, e.g. Wayland.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link linkend="opt-programs.ssh.knownHosts">programs.ssh.knownHosts</link>
          has gained an <literal>extraHostNames</literal> option to
          augment <literal>hostNames</literal>. It is now possible to
          use the attribute name of a <literal>knownHosts</literal>
          entry as the primary host name and specify secondary host
          names using <literal>extraHostNames</literal> without having
          to duplicate the primary host name.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The <literal>services.stubby</literal> module was converted to
          a
          <link xlink:href="https://github.com/NixOS/rfcs/blob/master/rfcs/0042-config-option.md">settings-style</link>
          configuration.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The option
          <link linkend="opt-services.xserver.desktopManager.runXdgAutostartIfNone">services.xserver.desktopManager.runXdgAutostartIfNone</link>
          was added in order to automatically run XDG autostart files
          for sessions without a desktop manager. This replaces helpers
          like the <literal>dex</literal> package.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          When setting
          <link linkend="opt-i18n.inputMethod.enabled">i18n.inputMethod.enabled</link>
          to <literal>fcitx5</literal>, it no longer creates
          corresponding systemd user services. It now relies on XDG
          autostart files to start and work properly in your desktop
          sessions. If you are using only a window manager without a
          desktop manager, you need to enable
          <literal>services.xserver.desktopManager.runXdgAutostartIfNone</literal>
          or using the <literal>dex</literal> package to make
          <literal>fcitx5</literal> work.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The option <literal>services.duplicati.dataDir</literal> has
          been added to allow changing the location of duplicati’s
          files.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The options <literal>boot.extraModprobeConfig</literal> and
          <literal>boot.blacklistedKernelModules</literal> now also take
          effect in the initrd by copying the file
          <literal>/etc/modprobe.d/nixos.conf</literal> into the initrd.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>nixos-generate-config</literal> now puts the dhcp
          configuration in <literal>hardware-configuration.nix</literal>
          instead of <literal>configuration.nix</literal>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          ORY Kratos was updated to version 0.9.0-alpha.3, which
          introduces some breaking changes:
        </para>
        <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
          <listitem>
            <para>
              All endpoints at the Admin API are now exposed at
              <literal>/admin/</literal>. For example, endpoint
              <literal>https://kratos:4434/identities</literal> is now
              exposed at
              <literal>https://kratos:4434/admin/identities</literal>
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              Configuration key
              <literal>selfservice.whitelisted_return_urls</literal> has
              been renamed to <literal>allowed_return_urls</literal>
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              The <literal>password_identifier</literal> form field of
              the password login strategy has been renamed to
              <literal>identifier</literal> to make compatibility with
              passwordless flows possible.
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              Instead of having a global
              <literal>default_schema_url</literal> which developers
              used to update their schema, you now need to define the
              <literal>default_schema_id</literal> which must reference
              schema ID in your config.
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              Calling <literal>/self-service/recovery</literal> without
              flow ID or with an invalid flow ID while authenticated
              will now respond with an error instead of redirecting to
              the default page.
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              If you are relying on the SQLite images, update your
              Docker Pull commands as follows:
            </para>
            <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
              <listitem>
                <para>
                  <literal>docker pull oryd/kratos:{version}</literal>
                </para>
              </listitem>
            </itemizedlist>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              Additionally, all passwords now have to be at least 8
              characters long.
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              For more details, see:
            </para>
            <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
              <listitem>
                <para>
                  <link xlink:href="https://github.com/ory/kratos/releases/tag/v0.8.1-alpha.1">Release
                  Notes for v0.8.1-alpha-1</link>
                </para>
              </listitem>
              <listitem>
                <para>
                  <link xlink:href="https://github.com/ory/kratos/releases/tag/v0.8.2-alpha.1">Release
                  Notes for v0.8.2-alpha-1</link>
                </para>
              </listitem>
              <listitem>
                <para>
                  <link xlink:href="https://github.com/ory/kratos/releases/tag/v0.9.0-alpha.1">Release
                  Notes for v0.9.0-alpha-1</link>
                </para>
              </listitem>
              <listitem>
                <para>
                  <link xlink:href="https://github.com/ory/kratos/releases/tag/v0.9.0-alpha.3">Release
                  Notes for v0.9.0-alpha-3</link>
                </para>
              </listitem>
            </itemizedlist>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>fetchFromSourcehut</literal> now allows fetching
          repositories recursively using <literal>fetchgit</literal> or
          <literal>fetchhg</literal> if the argument
          <literal>fetchSubmodules</literal> is set to
          <literal>true</literal>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          A module for declarative configuration of openconnect VPN
          profiles was added under
          <literal>networking.openconnect</literal>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The <literal>element-desktop</literal> package now has an
          <literal>useKeytar</literal> option (defaults to
          <literal>true</literal>), which allows disabling
          <literal>keytar</literal> and in turn
          <literal>libsecret</literal> usage (which binds to native
          credential managers / keychain libraries).
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The option <literal>services.thelounge.plugins</literal> has
          been added to allow installing plugins for The Lounge. Plugins
          can be found in
          <literal>pkgs.theLoungePlugins.plugins</literal> and
          <literal>pkgs.theLoungePlugins.themes</literal>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The option
          <literal>services.xserver.videoDriver = [ &quot;nvidia&quot; ];</literal>
          will now also install
          <link xlink:href="https://github.com/elFarto/nvidia-vaapi-driver">nvidia
          VA-API drivers</link> by default.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The <literal>firmwareLinuxNonfree</literal> package has been
          renamed to <literal>linux-firmware</literal>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          It is now possible to specify wordlists to include as handy to
          access environment variables using the
          <literal>config.environment.wordlist</literal> configuration
          options.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The <literal>services.mbpfan</literal> module was converted to
          a
          <link xlink:href="https://github.com/NixOS/rfcs/blob/master/rfcs/0042-config-option.md">RFC
          0042</link> configuration.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The default value for
          <literal>programs.spacefm.settings.graphical_su</literal> got
          unset. It previously pointed to <literal>gksu</literal> which
          has been removed.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The <link xlink:href="https://dino.im">Dino</link> XMPP client
          was updated to 0.3, adding support for audio and video calls.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>services.mattermost.plugins</literal> has been added
          to allow the declarative installation of Mattermost plugins.
          Plugins are automatically repackaged using autoPatchelf.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <link linkend="opt-services.logrotate.enable">services.logrotate.enable</link>
          now defaults to true if any rotate path has been defined, and
          some paths have been added by default.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The logrotate module also has been updated to freeform syntax:
          <link linkend="opt-services.logrotate.paths">services.logrotate.paths</link>
          and
          <link linkend="opt-services.logrotate.extraConfig">services.logrotate.extraConfig</link>
          will work, but issue deprecation warnings and
          <link linkend="opt-services.logrotate.settings">services.logrotate.settings</link>
          should now be used instead.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>security.pam.ussh</literal> has been added, which
          allows authorizing PAM sessions based on SSH
          <emphasis>certificates</emphasis> held within an SSH agent,
          using
          <link xlink:href="https://github.com/uber/pam-ussh">pam-ussh</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The <literal>vscode-extensions.ionide.ionide-fsharp</literal>
          package has been updated to 6.0.0 and now requires .NET 6.0.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The <literal>phpPackages.box</literal> package has been
          updated from 2.7.5 to 3.16.0. See the
          <link xlink:href="https://github.com/box-project/box/blob/master/UPGRADE.md#from-27-to-30">upgrade
          guide</link> for more details.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The <literal>zrepl</literal> package has been updated from
          0.4.0 to 0.5:
        </para>
        <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
          <listitem>
            <para>
              The RPC protocol version was bumped; all zrepl daemons in
              a setup must be updated and restarted before replication
              can resume.
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              A bug involving encrypt-on-receive has been fixed. Read
              the
              <link xlink:href="https://zrepl.github.io/configuration/sendrecvoptions.html#job-recv-options-placeholder">zrepl
              documentation</link> and check the output of
              <literal>zfs get -r encryption,zrepl:placeholder PATH_TO_ROOTFS</literal>
              on the receiver.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The <literal>polybar</literal> package has been updated from
          3.5.7 to 3.6.2. See
          <link xlink:href="https://github.com/polybar/polybar/releases/tag/3.6.0">the
          changelog</link> for more details.
        </para>
        <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
          <listitem>
            <para>
              Breaking changes include changes to escaping rules in
              configuration values, changes in behavior when
              encountering invalid tag names, and changes to
              inter-process-messaging (IPC).
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Renamed option
          <literal>services.openssh.challengeResponseAuthentication</literal>
          to
          <literal>services.openssh.kbdInteractiveAuthentication</literal>.
          Reason is that the old name has been deprecated upstream.
          Using the old option name will still work, but produce a
          warning.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>services.autorandr</literal> now allows for adding
          hooks and profiles declaratively.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The <literal>pomerium-cli</literal> command has been moved out
          of the <literal>pomerium</literal> package into the
          <literal>pomerium-cli</literal> package, following upstream’s
          repository split. If you are using the
          <literal>pomerium-cli</literal> command, you should now
          install the <literal>pomerium-cli</literal> package.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The option
          <link linkend="opt-networking.networkmanager.enableFccUnlock">services.networking.networkmanager.enableFccUnlock</link>
          was added to support FCC unlock procedures. Since release
          1.18.4, the ModemManager daemon no longer automatically
          performs the FCC unlock procedure by default. See
          <link xlink:href="https://modemmanager.org/docs/modemmanager/fcc-unlock/">the
          docs</link> for more details.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>programs.tmux</literal> has a new option
          <literal>plugins</literal> that accepts a list of packages
          from the <literal>tmuxPlugins</literal> group. The specified
          packages are added to the system and loaded by
          <literal>tmux</literal>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The polkit service, available at
          <literal>security.polkit.enable</literal>, is now disabled by
          default. It will automatically be enabled through services and
          desktop environments as needed.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>mercury</literal> was updated to 22.01.1, which has
          some breaking changes
          (<link xlink:href="https://dl.mercurylang.org/release/release-notes-22.01.html">Mercury
          22.01 news</link>).
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          xfsprogs was update to version 5.15, which enables inobtcount
          and bigtime by default on filesystem creation. Support for
          these features was added in kernel 5.10 and deemed stable in
          kernel 5.15. If you want to be able to mount XFS filesystems
          created with this release of xfsprogs on kernel releases older
          than 5.10, you need to format them with
          <literal>mkfs.xfs -m bigtime=0 -m inobtcount=0</literal>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>services.xserver.desktopManager.xfce</literal> now
          includes Xfce’s screen locker,
          <literal>xfce4-screensaver</literal> that is enabled by
          default. You can disable it by setting
          <literal>false</literal> to
          <link linkend="opt-services.xserver.desktopManager.xfce.enableScreensaver">services.xserver.desktopManager.xfce.enableScreensaver</link>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The <literal>hadoop</literal> package has added support for
          <literal>aarch64-linux</literal> and
          <literal>aarch64-darwin</literal> as of 3.3.1
          (<link xlink:href="https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/158613">#158613</link>).
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The <literal>R</literal> package now builds again on
          <literal>aarch64-darwin</literal>
          (<link xlink:href="https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/158992">#158992</link>).
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The <literal>nss</literal> package was split into
          <literal>nss_esr</literal> and <literal>nss_latest</literal>,
          with <literal>nss</literal> being an alias for
          <literal>nss_esr</literal>. This was done to ease maintenance
          of <literal>nss</literal> and dependent high-profile packages
          like <literal>firefox</literal>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The default <literal>scribus</literal> version is now 1.5,
          while version 1.4 is still available as
          <literal>scribus_1_4</literal>
          (<link xlink:href="https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/172700">#172700</link>).
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The Nextcloud module now supports to create a Mysql database
          automatically with
          <literal>services.nextcloud.database.createLocally</literal>
          enabled.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Matrix Synapse now requires entries in the
          <literal>state_group_edges</literal> table to be unique, in
          order to prevent accidentally introducing duplicate
          information (for example, because a database backup was
          restored multiple times). If your Synapse database already has
          duplicate rows in this table, this could fail with an error
          and require manual remediation.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The Nextcloud module now allows setting the value of the
          <literal>max-age</literal> directive of the
          <literal>Strict-Transport-Security</literal> HTTP header,
          which is now controlled by the
          <literal>services.nextcloud.https</literal> option, rather
          than <literal>services.nginx.recommendedHttpHeaders</literal>.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The <literal>spark3</literal> package has been updated from
          3.1.2 to 3.2.1
          (<link xlink:href="https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/160075">#160075</link>):
        </para>
        <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
          <listitem>
            <para>
              Testing has been enabled for
              <literal>aarch64-linux</literal> in addition to
              <literal>x86_64-linux</literal>.
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              The <literal>spark3</literal> package is now usable on
              <literal>aarch64-darwin</literal> as a result of
              <link xlink:href="https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/158613">#158613</link>
              and
              <link xlink:href="https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/158992">#158992</link>.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The option <literal>services.snapserver.openFirewall</literal>
          will no longer default to <literal>true</literal> starting
          with NixOS 22.11. Enable it explicitly if you need to control
          Snapserver remotely or connect streamig clients from other
          hosts.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The option
          <link xlink:href="options.html#opt-networking.useDHCP">networking.useDHCP</link>
          isn’t deprecated anymore. When using
          <link xlink:href="options.html#opt-networking.useNetworkd"><literal>systemd-networkd</literal></link>,
          a generic <literal>.network</literal>-unit is added which
          enables DHCP for each interface matching
          <literal>en*</literal>, <literal>eth*</literal> or
          <literal>wl*</literal> with priority 99 (which means that it
          doesn’t have any effect if such an interface is matched by a
          <literal>.network-</literal>unit with a lower priority). In
          case of scripted networking, no behavior was changed.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          The new
          <link xlink:href="https://nixos.org/manual/nixpkgs/stable/#sec-postgresqlTestHook"><literal>postgresqlTestHook</literal></link>
          runs a PostgreSQL server for the duration of package checks.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>zfs</literal> was updated from 2.1.4 to 2.1.5,
          enabling it to be used with Linux kernel 5.18.
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          <literal>stdenv.mkDerivation</literal> now supports a
          self-referencing <literal>finalAttrs:</literal> parameter
          containing the final <literal>mkDerivation</literal> arguments
          including overrides. <literal>drv.overrideAttrs</literal> now
          supports two parameters
          <literal>finalAttrs: previousAttrs:</literal>. This allows
          packaging configuration to be overridden in a consistent
          manner by providing an alternative to
          <literal>rec {}</literal> syntax.
        </para>
        <para>
          Additionally, <literal>passthru</literal> can now reference
          <literal>finalAttrs.finalPackage</literal> containing the
          final package, including attributes such as the output paths
          and <literal>overrideAttrs</literal>.
        </para>
        <para>
          New language integrations can be simplified by overriding a
          <quote>prototype</quote> package containing the
          language-specific logic. This removes the need for a extra
          layer of overriding for the <quote>generic builder</quote>
          arguments, thus removing a usability problem and source of
          error.
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
  </section>
</section>
